The Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport

The standard for road transport emission calculations

The Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA) provides emission factors for all current vehicle categories (PC, LDV, HGV, urban buses, coaches and motor cycles), each divided into different categories, for a wide variety of traffic situations. Emission factors for all regulated and the most important non-regulated pollutants as well as fuel/energy consumption and CO2 are included (see Methodology).

HBEFA is a standard data source for emission calculations in numerous studies and other applications (see Use cases). It is the product of a common effort by funding agencies and development partners in six countries (see Contact).

Coordination and application development by INFRAS

Jacek Dylag

Latest News

HBEFA 5.1 update - German fleet scenario (version number 5.1.004)

22.1.2026

Two small errors have been noted in the German fleet scenario for HBEFA 5.1:

Bifuel CNG/Petrol LCV: mileages were missing for CNG driving shares for most years in the time series

4-stroke mopeds: mileages were missing for most years in the time series

Consequently, no emission factors have been output in “weighted” queries for the respective vehicle types and years.

These errors will be corrected with Version number 5.1.004.
We will carry out the update immediately.
For users, the update will take effect with the next application restart.

Software Update

HBEFA 5.1 update (Version number 5.1.003)

13.1.2026

So far, the mileage correction for hot NO2 emission factors of heavy duty vehicles (HDV) is not carried out in HBEFA 5.1 if NOx (on which NO2 depends) is not selected in an emission factor query. This needs to be corrected. The update will carry version number 5.1.003.

We will carry out the update this coming Thursday, 15.01.2026, from 17:00 CET; it may take about one hour.

Users do not need to take any action. The new version will automatically be selected in the front-end application and in API queries unless another version is explicitly set. Only queries for hot emission factors of HDV (i.e. trucks, coaches, buses) that included NO2, but not NOx, are affected.

We are using the opportunity to also implement a small improvement for API users: The "hbversion_int" used in an emission factor query will be returned in the "Input_ pars" dictionary for better traceability.

Software Update

HBEFA 5.1 update (Version number 5.1.002)

17.12.2025

We will implement an update tonight on the HBEFA server to correct some errors identified in HBEFA 5.1 since its publication.

For details on the changes, please see: HBEFA5.1.002_Update_Dec2025.pdf

Since the changes are implemented on the server, HBEFA users do not have to download a fresh desktop client (front-end application) due to the update.

The update will be implemented tonight, i.e. on December 17, 2025, from 18:00 CET (likely for not more than 1 hour) on the central server. Several server restarts may be possible during that time.

A new version of the desktop client will be made available in the next days - with the only change being that the button to open the Help file has been moved to a separate "Help" menu in order to be found more easily. It is completely optional to download this new version. The content corrections on the server will also be effective with the desktop client used so far.

The free "online version" on this website will be updated in the next days to reflect the changes in the 5.1.002 update.

Software Update

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The newest methodology articles for you.

Report

20.10.25

HBEFA 5.1

HBEFA 5.1 Update Documentation

Description of updates with HBEFA Version 5.1

INFRAS, ITnA TU Graz, TU Dresden, ifeu, WSP Sweden, UGE, IVL,SSB

Benedikt Notter, Brian Cox, Konstantin Weller, Martin Opetnik, Martin Dippold, Stefan Hausberger, Stefan Present, Christoph Heidt, Jan Kräck, Michel Allekotte, Wolfram Knörr, Michel André, Boris Vansevenant, Yao Liu, Katja Vuorenmaa Berdica, Thomas Sahlgren, Ake Sjödin, Mike Priestley, Martin Jerksjö, Cecilia Hult, Mona Engedal, Berit Storbraten, Jens Borken-Kleefeld, Pinky Kumawat, Likhitha Potturu

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11.9.25

HBEFA 5.1

HBEFA Traffic Situation Application Guidelines

Guidelines for the classification of activity data by the HBEFA Traffic Situations.

INFRAS, WSP Sweden, ifeu Heidelberg

Benedikt Notter, Brian Cox, Katja Vuorenmaa Berdica, Daniel Sahlgren, Jan Kräck, Christoph Heidt

DE
EN
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HBEFA Documentation

24.2.22

HBEFA 4.2

HBEFA 4.2 Update Documentation

Documentation of updates with Version 4.2

INFRAS, IVT TU Graz, ifeu, IFSSTAR, ADEME, IVL

Benedikt Notter, Brian Cox, Stefan Hausberger, Claus Matzer, Konstantin Weller, Martin Dippold, Nicolas Politschnig, Silke Lipp, Michel Allekotte, Wolfram Knörr, Michel André, Laurent Gagnepain, Cecilia Hult, Martin Jerksjö

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Use Cases of the Handbook

Our Software is used in many projects. Here are some examples.

EcoTransIT World

Online calculator and business solution to calculate emissions of global freight transports.

Visit Website

TREMOD - Transport Emission Model

TREMOD maps motorised traffic in Germany with regard to its traffic and mileage, energy consumption and the associated climate gas and air pollutant emissions for the period 1960 to 2018 and in a trend scenario up to 2050.

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More USe Cases